UK Institutions Promoting Health of Ethnic Minority Women...

This essay intends to give a critical analysis of interagency working to promote the health of ethnic minority women suffering from domestic violence. The essay starts with a definition of health and then briefly looks at varying definitions of public health and how these definitions lend credence to need for interagency working in public health. The essay then looks at the social construct of community and minority communities (BME) in England and Wales, health inequalities and the geographical spread of inequalities across areas of deprivation and the spearhead authorities with a brief discussion on the social determinants of health. This will be followed by a definition of domestic violence and how the concept of culture, especially in†¦show more content†¦Winslow’s definition of public health incorporates environmental sanitation; infections control, personal hygiene; early diagnosis and preventative treatment all achieved through organised community efforts. Roth stein (2002) as cited in Verweij and Dawson (n.d) sees public health as the role of the government in taking action to protect the health of the public. However, Rothstein shifts the boundaries even further and does not see the â€Å"human rights as public† argument because â€Å"just because war, crime, hunger, poverty, illiteracy,, homelessness, and human rights abuse [including domestic violence] interfere with the health of individuals and populations, does not mean that eliminating these conditions is part of the mission of public health†(Rothstein 2000). Rothstein’s argument lends credence to the need for a multi-sectoral or interagency approach to tackling public health and societal problems like domestic violence that affect the health and wellbeing of individuals and populations. Community A key element that cuts across major definitions of public health is the concept of populations or society or communities. A community, as defined by Phil Bartle (n.d) is a sociological construct that describes a set of human actions; interactions and human behaviours that have meaning and expectations between its members. These actions are usually based on shared expectations,Show MoreRelatedDiversity Management And Equal Treatment1293 Words   |  6 Pagesworkplace over the past 50 years, diversity management and equal treatment can be improved. According to employment laws are put in place to stop discrimination, but it is the responsibility of people to put them into practice. By tackling diversity and promoting equality, is not only morally right but is ultimately a business advantage. Organizations are making themselves accessible to the talents all over the world and achieving a workforce that is representative of the actual population attracts even moreRead MoreDomestic Viol ence And Its Effects On The Health2966 Words   |  12 Pagesinvolving physical, sexual, emotional, psychological or financial abuse. Domestic violence against women is a global problem without geographic, religious, social, economic, cultural or national boundaries (Women’s Aid, 2005). According to Chitashvili et al (2010) violence against women is seen as a social problem with detrimental effects on the health and well-being of the victim and the people around. Women who are victims of domestic violence are deprived of their right to participate in societal lifeRead MoreAre Trade Unions a Thing of the Past? Discuss the Pros and Cons of Trade Unions from an Employee Perspective.2644 Words   |  11 Pagesunions thrived and membership was at its highest (Brownlie 2012). In the 1960s and 1970s, as a result of decentralized bargaining, wages and conditions in unionized firms were by far more favourable than those in non-union firms in economies such as UK and USA (Gospel and Wood 2003, p.2). However, a decline in membership was triggered when the Conservative Government came into power in 1979. The new administration and employers have increasingly downplayed any positive effects of union representationRead MoreSocio-Cultural Development17197 Words   |  69 Pagesmulticulturalism and examine the impact of immigration on business and society Analyse class differences and patterns of inequality in Britain, and relate these issues to business responsibility Examine the causes and implications of the changing role of women in British society and business l l l l g Themes Diversity Diversity of business Certain industries have a profound impact in shaping the wider culture—the culture industries. Internal/ external Internal/external Culture isRead MoreEffective Understanding of Cultural Differences Will Be Key to Successful Business Operations in the 21st Century. Discuss This Statement Using Examples from Two Sectors.4254 Words   |  18 Pagesgenerations to change and in that time there still is a strong demand for goods from their homeland, especially food items, this can be cited from the number of Eastern European shops that have mushroomed all over UK in the last 4 years and from Indian and Pakistani settlements in the UK during the 70s. This is a clear example of cultural attributes acquired as a result of being a part of a group influence and how it influences an industry. The internet and media provide a wealth of information aboutRead MoreUnderstanding Diversity Within Society Essay4388 Words   |  18 Pagesorientations and experiences created within our community. When a community is diverse there is the presence of different points of views and ways of making meaning which flow from the variety within it. This variety arises out of different cultural, racial, ethnic, religious, gender, socioeconomic class, political, developed abilities, and/or sexual orientation. However, even as we recognize that diversity is multi-faceted, we must remember that some aspects of diversity ( i.e., race, gender) have proven particularlyRead MoreArticle on Skills Shortages9436 Words   |  38 Pagesarchive of this journal is available at www.emeraldinsight.com/0048-3486.htm Skill shortages, recruitment and retention in the house building sector Linda Clarke and Georg Herrmann Westminster Business School, University of Westminster, London, UK Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to show how internal and external labour markets operate in the construction sector, associated with different strategies taken by ï ¬ rms in recruiting and retaining particular groups of employees. ItRead MoreA 3000 Word Essay Identifying Two Public Health Issues Pertinent to Clinical Placement Area; Analyse These with Reference to Appropriate Literature and Research and Discuss the Public Health Role of the Midwife.4091 Words   |  17 Pages- A 3000 word essay identifying two public health issues pertinent to clinical placement area; analyse these with reference to appropriate literature and research and discuss the public health role of the midwife. Word Count = 3210 Health is a broad concept, which can embody a huge range of meanings, from the narrowly technical to the all-embracing moral or philosophical. A definition of health is a state of well-being, interpreted by the World Health Organisation (WHO) in it’s constitution asRead MoreEquality and Diversity Essay3406 Words   |  14 Pagesmore concerned with outcome. This paper outlines these three approaches, evaluates their successes and considers whether Managing Diversity (MD) may prove more useful. Formal equality of opportunity, or procedural justice (Weale, 1996), underpins UK anti-discrimination legislation and anti-discriminatory statements in EO policies and some United States policies. This notion formed the core of such legislation as the Sex Discrimination Act 1975 (amended 1986), Race Relations Act (1976, amended 2000)Read MoreGlobalization and It Effects on Cultural Integration: the Case of the Czech Republic.27217 Words   |  109 Pagesministry also give support to cultural activities of members of national minorities living in the country, support for integration of members of the Roma community and immigrants. The Department of Arts, Libraries, Department of Media, and Audiovisual Policies have also supported intercultural projects. Non- governmental organizations such as: Organization for Aid to Refugees, (OPU), People in Need, and Czech Mobility Center and â€Å"Ethnic Friendly employer†. III. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY. The main

UK Institutions Promoting Health of Ethnic Minority Women...

This essay intends to give a critical analysis of interagency working to promote the health of ethnic minority women suffering from domestic violence. The essay starts with a definition of health and then briefly looks at varying definitions of public health and how these definitions lend credence to need for interagency working in public health. The essay then looks at the social construct of community and minority communities (BME) in England and Wales, health inequalities and the geographical spread of inequalities across areas of deprivation and the spearhead authorities with a brief discussion on the social determinants of health. This will be followed by a definition of domestic violence and how the concept of culture, especially in†¦show more content†¦Winslow’s definition of public health incorporates environmental sanitation; infections control, personal hygiene; early diagnosis and preventative treatment all achieved through organised community efforts. Roth stein (2002) as cited in Verweij and Dawson (n.d) sees public health as the role of the government in taking action to protect the health of the public. However, Rothstein shifts the boundaries even further and does not see the â€Å"human rights as public† argument because â€Å"just because war, crime, hunger, poverty, illiteracy,, homelessness, and human rights abuse [including domestic violence] interfere with the health of individuals and populations, does not mean that eliminating these conditions is part of the mission of public health†(Rothstein 2000). Rothstein’s argument lends credence to the need for a multi-sectoral or interagency approach to tackling public health and societal problems like domestic violence that affect the health and wellbeing of individuals and populations. Community A key element that cuts across major definitions of public health is the concept of populations or society or communities. A community, as defined by Phil Bartle (n.d) is a sociological construct that describes a set of human actions; interactions and human behaviours that have meaning and expectations between its members. These actions are usually based on shared expectations,Show MoreRelatedDiversity Management And Equal Treatment1293 Words   |  6 Pagesworkplace over the past 50 years, diversity management and equal treatment can be improved. According to employment laws are put in place to stop discrimination, but it is the responsibility of people to put them into practice. By tackling diversity and promoting equality, is not only morally right but is ultimately a business advantage. Organizations are making themselves accessible to the talents all over the world and achieving a workforce that is representative of the actual population attracts even moreRead MoreDomestic Viol ence And Its Effects On The Health2966 Words   |  12 Pagesinvolving physical, sexual, emotional, psychological or financial abuse. Domestic violence against women is a global problem without geographic, religious, social, economic, cultural or national boundaries (Women’s Aid, 2005). According to Chitashvili et al (2010) violence against women is seen as a social problem with detrimental effects on the health and well-being of the victim and the people around. Women who are victims of domestic violence are deprived of their right to participate in societal lifeRead MoreAre Trade Unions a Thing of the Past? Discuss the Pros and Cons of Trade Unions from an Employee Perspective.2644 Words   |  11 Pagesunions thrived and membership was at its highest (Brownlie 2012). In the 1960s and 1970s, as a result of decentralized bargaining, wages and conditions in unionized firms were by far more favourable than those in non-union firms in economies such as UK and USA (Gospel and Wood 2003, p.2). However, a decline in membership was triggered when the Conservative Government came into power in 1979. The new administration and employers have increasingly downplayed any positive effects of union representationRead MoreSocio-Cultural Development17197 Words   |  69 Pagesmulticulturalism and examine the impact of immigration on business and society Analyse class differences and patterns of inequality in Britain, and relate these issues to business responsibility Examine the causes and implications of the changing role of women in British society and business l l l l g Themes Diversity Diversity of business Certain industries have a profound impact in shaping the wider culture—the culture industries. Internal/ external Internal/external Culture isRead MoreEffective Understanding of Cultural Differences Will Be Key to Successful Business Operations in the 21st Century. Discuss This Statement Using Examples from Two Sectors.4254 Words   |  18 Pagesgenerations to change and in that time there still is a strong demand for goods from their homeland, especially food items, this can be cited from the number of Eastern European shops that have mushroomed all over UK in the last 4 years and from Indian and Pakistani settlements in the UK during the 70s. This is a clear example of cultural attributes acquired as a result of being a part of a group influence and how it influences an industry. The internet and media provide a wealth of information aboutRead MoreUnderstanding Diversity Within Society Essay4388 Words   |  18 Pagesorientations and experiences created within our community. When a community is diverse there is the presence of different points of views and ways of making meaning which flow from the variety within it. This variety arises out of different cultural, racial, ethnic, religious, gender, socioeconomic class, political, developed abilities, and/or sexual orientation. However, even as we recognize that diversity is multi-faceted, we must remember that some aspects of diversity ( i.e., race, gender) have proven particularlyRead MoreArticle on Skills Shortages9436 Words   |  38 Pagesarchive of this journal is available at www.emeraldinsight.com/0048-3486.htm Skill shortages, recruitment and retention in the house building sector Linda Clarke and Georg Herrmann Westminster Business School, University of Westminster, London, UK Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to show how internal and external labour markets operate in the construction sector, associated with different strategies taken by ï ¬ rms in recruiting and retaining particular groups of employees. ItRead MoreA 3000 Word Essay Identifying Two Public Health Issues Pertinent to Clinical Placement Area; Analyse These with Reference to Appropriate Literature and Research and Discuss the Public Health Role of the Midwife.4091 Words   |  17 Pages- A 3000 word essay identifying two public health issues pertinent to clinical placement area; analyse these with reference to appropriate literature and research and discuss the public health role of the midwife. Word Count = 3210 Health is a broad concept, which can embody a huge range of meanings, from the narrowly technical to the all-embracing moral or philosophical. A definition of health is a state of well-being, interpreted by the World Health Organisation (WHO) in it’s constitution asRead MoreEquality and Diversity Essay3406 Words   |  14 Pagesmore concerned with outcome. This paper outlines these three approaches, evaluates their successes and considers whether Managing Diversity (MD) may prove more useful. Formal equality of opportunity, or procedural justice (Weale, 1996), underpins UK anti-discrimination legislation and anti-discriminatory statements in EO policies and some United States policies. This notion formed the core of such legislation as the Sex Discrimination Act 1975 (amended 1986), Race Relations Act (1976, amended 2000)Read MoreGlobalization and It Effects on Cultural Integration: the Case of the Czech Republic.27217 Words   |  109 Pagesministry also give support to cultural activities of members of national minorities living in the country, support for integration of members of the Roma community and immigrants. The Department of Arts, Libraries, Department of Media, and Audiovisual Policies have also supported intercultural projects. Non- governmental organizations such as: Organization for Aid to Refugees, (OPU), People in Need, and Czech Mobility Center and â€Å"Ethnic Friendly employer†. III. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY. The main

UK Institutions Promoting Health of Ethnic Minority Women...

This essay intends to give a critical analysis of interagency working to promote the health of ethnic minority women suffering from domestic violence. The essay starts with a definition of health and then briefly looks at varying definitions of public health and how these definitions lend credence to need for interagency working in public health. The essay then looks at the social construct of community and minority communities (BME) in England and Wales, health inequalities and the geographical spread of inequalities across areas of deprivation and the spearhead authorities with a brief discussion on the social determinants of health. This will be followed by a definition of domestic violence and how the concept of culture, especially in†¦show more content†¦Winslow’s definition of public health incorporates environmental sanitation; infections control, personal hygiene; early diagnosis and preventative treatment all achieved through organised community efforts. Roth stein (2002) as cited in Verweij and Dawson (n.d) sees public health as the role of the government in taking action to protect the health of the public. However, Rothstein shifts the boundaries even further and does not see the â€Å"human rights as public† argument because â€Å"just because war, crime, hunger, poverty, illiteracy,, homelessness, and human rights abuse [including domestic violence] interfere with the health of individuals and populations, does not mean that eliminating these conditions is part of the mission of public health†(Rothstein 2000). Rothstein’s argument lends credence to the need for a multi-sectoral or interagency approach to tackling public health and societal problems like domestic violence that affect the health and wellbeing of individuals and populations. Community A key element that cuts across major definitions of public health is the concept of populations or society or communities. A community, as defined by Phil Bartle (n.d) is a sociological construct that describes a set of human actions; interactions and human behaviours that have meaning and expectations between its members. These actions are usually based on shared expectations,Show MoreRelatedDiversity Management And Equal Treatment1293 Words   |  6 Pagesworkplace over the past 50 years, diversity management and equal treatment can be improved. According to employment laws are put in place to stop discrimination, but it is the responsibility of people to put them into practice. By tackling diversity and promoting equality, is not only morally right but is ultimately a business advantage. Organizations are making themselves accessible to the talents all over the world and achieving a workforce that is representative of the actual population attracts even moreRead MoreDomestic Viol ence And Its Effects On The Health2966 Words   |  12 Pagesinvolving physical, sexual, emotional, psychological or financial abuse. Domestic violence against women is a global problem without geographic, religious, social, economic, cultural or national boundaries (Women’s Aid, 2005). According to Chitashvili et al (2010) violence against women is seen as a social problem with detrimental effects on the health and well-being of the victim and the people around. Women who are victims of domestic violence are deprived of their right to participate in societal lifeRead MoreAre Trade Unions a Thing of the Past? Discuss the Pros and Cons of Trade Unions from an Employee Perspective.2644 Words   |  11 Pagesunions thrived and membership was at its highest (Brownlie 2012). In the 1960s and 1970s, as a result of decentralized bargaining, wages and conditions in unionized firms were by far more favourable than those in non-union firms in economies such as UK and USA (Gospel and Wood 2003, p.2). However, a decline in membership was triggered when the Conservative Government came into power in 1979. The new administration and employers have increasingly downplayed any positive effects of union representationRead MoreSocio-Cultural Development17197 Words   |  69 Pagesmulticulturalism and examine the impact of immigration on business and society Analyse class differences and patterns of inequality in Britain, and relate these issues to business responsibility Examine the causes and implications of the changing role of women in British society and business l l l l g Themes Diversity Diversity of business Certain industries have a profound impact in shaping the wider culture—the culture industries. Internal/ external Internal/external Culture isRead MoreEffective Understanding of Cultural Differences Will Be Key to Successful Business Operations in the 21st Century. Discuss This Statement Using Examples from Two Sectors.4254 Words   |  18 Pagesgenerations to change and in that time there still is a strong demand for goods from their homeland, especially food items, this can be cited from the number of Eastern European shops that have mushroomed all over UK in the last 4 years and from Indian and Pakistani settlements in the UK during the 70s. This is a clear example of cultural attributes acquired as a result of being a part of a group influence and how it influences an industry. The internet and media provide a wealth of information aboutRead MoreUnderstanding Diversity Within Society Essay4388 Words   |  18 Pagesorientations and experiences created within our community. When a community is diverse there is the presence of different points of views and ways of making meaning which flow from the variety within it. This variety arises out of different cultural, racial, ethnic, religious, gender, socioeconomic class, political, developed abilities, and/or sexual orientation. However, even as we recognize that diversity is multi-faceted, we must remember that some aspects of diversity ( i.e., race, gender) have proven particularlyRead MoreArticle on Skills Shortages9436 Words   |  38 Pagesarchive of this journal is available at www.emeraldinsight.com/0048-3486.htm Skill shortages, recruitment and retention in the house building sector Linda Clarke and Georg Herrmann Westminster Business School, University of Westminster, London, UK Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to show how internal and external labour markets operate in the construction sector, associated with different strategies taken by ï ¬ rms in recruiting and retaining particular groups of employees. ItRead MoreA 3000 Word Essay Identifying Two Public Health Issues Pertinent to Clinical Placement Area; Analyse These with Reference to Appropriate Literature and Research and Discuss the Public Health Role of the Midwife.4091 Words   |  17 Pages- A 3000 word essay identifying two public health issues pertinent to clinical placement area; analyse these with reference to appropriate literature and research and discuss the public health role of the midwife. Word Count = 3210 Health is a broad concept, which can embody a huge range of meanings, from the narrowly technical to the all-embracing moral or philosophical. A definition of health is a state of well-being, interpreted by the World Health Organisation (WHO) in it’s constitution asRead MoreEquality and Diversity Essay3406 Words   |  14 Pagesmore concerned with outcome. This paper outlines these three approaches, evaluates their successes and considers whether Managing Diversity (MD) may prove more useful. Formal equality of opportunity, or procedural justice (Weale, 1996), underpins UK anti-discrimination legislation and anti-discriminatory statements in EO policies and some United States policies. This notion formed the core of such legislation as the Sex Discrimination Act 1975 (amended 1986), Race Relations Act (1976, amended 2000)Read MoreGlobalization and It Effects on Cultural Integration: the Case of the Czech Republic.27217 Words   |  109 Pagesministry also give support to cultural activities of members of national minorities living in the country, support for integration of members of the Roma community and immigrants. The Department of Arts, Libraries, Department of Media, and Audiovisual Policies have also supported intercultural projects. Non- governmental organizations such as: Organization for Aid to Refugees, (OPU), People in Need, and Czech Mobility Center and â€Å"Ethnic Friendly employer†. III. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY. The main

Who Else Is Lying to Us About Writing an Outline for a Research Paper?

Who Else Is Lying to Us About Writing an Outline for a Research Paper? Once you've read and reviewed your paper it's possible to submit. If you understand you attempting to figure out who can help you acquire your term paper penned at an affordable cost you might have just obtained the answer to your issue. Bear in mind, your article should be cohesive, and a superb draft will help you in achieving it. It's fine to compose a bad first draft. Make certain that your topic is not overly general and won't take too much time to make, as you will wind up putting everything in it to satisfy your readers. After choosing the topic, decide which source you're going to use the most. At, you will bonzerquality assist. Therefore, get expert assistance. The Most Popular Writing an Outline for a Research Paper You have to write five or more paragraphs. Essay writing is an arduous business when you're at college. The info in your headings ought to be general and the subheadings need to be more specific. Finding out how to compose an article outline will help to help save you time when you truly sit down to write. Nevertheless, the real key to a thriving research paper is organization. Create guidelines of what you would like to do in your research. You'll probably be writing a good deal of research papers while in college, so it's important to master the skill of locating the perfect research paper. Even should you need to purchase research paper done in 6 hours, you can depend on us. The Little-Known Secrets to Writing an Outline for a Research Paper What's more, we guarantee your future paper is going to be done in compliance with the greatest academic standards, so be confident that applying for our help, you make the ideal option. Safety and anonymity When you purchase an essay from us, you don't need to be concerned about your privacy. If you've got an on-line business then you are probably aware how effective writing articles can be for promoting your goods and solutions. Totally free amendments As the very best essay writing service, we would like you to feel absolutely happy about your purchase. All writers working for this service are prepared to receive an undertaking and they're always doing their very best to deliver the ideal paper for the very best price. Just do good research for reliable company, and you aren't going to regret your choice. To make sure your academic hopes are n't shattered by missed deadlines, consider using professional services like PaperWritings. Your research pursuit does not need to have to be hard if you understand what you're doing. You're doing your best, but the outcomes are sometimes not satisfying. Evidently, a fraud essays help service doesn't want you to have an option to reach them after being robbed. Check the next comparison table to find the difference between a trusted essay help business and a fraud one. The New Fuss About Writing an Outline for a Research Paper Experienced and attentive When you seek the services of an expert essay writer at our service, you obtain an opportunity to cooperate with an individual, who has an extraordinary educational background. Nobody told you that college life will be easy. You won't come to be a great public speaker overnight. An excellent public speaker gives a presentation that's very clear and concise. It's possible to receive a sample from your professor they ought to be more than pleased to assist you, as they can realize that you are really trying. An excellent measure is to get started writing when you get started seeing the identical information over and over again. The time that you save can then be devoted to other things of your choice. There are lots of books to pick from that offer lots of premium quality info. Watching wide array of documentaries is quite useful, as you will get a lot of information. Despite being brief, it ought to be informative and contain all the essential components. Does not own a contact number or it isn't readily available for the frequent access. As the admission may be the very first impression you will give to your admission officers, you have to be able to consider thoroughly before you commence writing on your paper. Don't forget that the literature you select should conform to the major point of your paper. Your primary theme and the chosen literature needs to be adjacent. Instruct 6th grade students to compose their initial drafts. You to make an outline. Outlines help more help you're extremely useful and evaluation in the general picture. Secondly, an outline provides you with a very clear idea of all aspects that should be covered in your paper. In every case, it is a way of organizing material. Vital Pieces of Writing an Outline for a Research Paper Understand your topic well and make sure that you explain your points in easy and understandable language. You must look for a topic you may write about most passionately and effectively. Some researches discuss an overall topic while some are handling something specific. The subject of the paper is what you would like to say about the matter. Homework isn't just for the continued mastering of the 3Rs. First off, you must select your topic wisely. Discoveries about this issue.

Leadership Development and Motivation Challenges

Question: Discuss about the Leadership Development and Motivation Challenges. Answer: Introduction: The leadership and development lessons were quite enriching and informative. The entire lessons had new ideas and characteristics that a good leader should possess. However, the study was also coupled with a lot of challenges and they will be discussed in the subsequent submissions. In the second week, there was a systematic approach to the lecture. First of all, the effectiveness of a leader was discussed in relation to the tasks that they should undertake. More so, the general aspects that determine a leader were also discussed. Besides the tasks that the leaders should undertake, much emphasis was laid on the motivation that leaders require in order to discharge their mandate in an apt manner. The logical element is a crucial factor in the analysis of a good leader. In the lessons, the instructors were able to deliver good content that enabled students to understand the cognitive aspects that are essential in the leadership sphere. (Zaccaro, 2009) It is however regrettable that many challenges occurred during the study of the topic. One of the challenges was that many terminologies were overlapping and their meanings were difficult to demystify. For instance, words such as efficiency and effectiveness of a leader almost bore the same message. Another challenge was concerning the different leadership approaches. It was difficult to determine the best leadership approach because all of them had their pros and cons. For example, the question of whether leaders are born or made is quite complex. ( Hogan, 2013) The second session was a discussion of the styles, attitudes and the behaviors of leadership. Just like the first lecture, this one was informative as well. You realize that leadership is a wide subject and this was just continuity. There were a host of things to learn and more specifically, there was the mention of the leadership theories which include the contingency, trait, behavioral and the great man theories. The discussion was derived from the theories and part of the study explored the attitudes and behavioral changes of various leaders. It was also great to learn about the relationship that exists between the attitude and behavior and how the relationship affects the execution of leadership duties. A good leader is said to be that one who offers service rather than exercising authority. Consequently there is a 360 degree feedback model which leaders are assessed upon. They can use this model as a scorecard which will make them improve where they did not perform well. (Keys, 2014) In this study, there were some challenges too. They include the interpretation of the theories. Theories carry hidden meanings of some facts and it requires keen examination of the theory to unravel the meanings. The phrases are technical and the outward meaning may not imply the actual meaning that was intended. Another challenge was also to settle on the best leadership style. Among the different styles, there are those that are viewed as oppressive to the society while some fraction of the people applauds them as the best. The other challenge is to determine whether leadership is an art or a science. (King, 2010) The fourth session was still a continuation of the leadership and development study. Here, the lecture was focused on the leadership based on charisma and transformation. The key lessons that were derived from this interaction include the meaning of terminologies and how they originated. An example is the word charismatic which was coined from a Greek terminology called charisma. What it all means is that such a leader is naturally endeared to the people. The mention of Barack Obama as a charismatic leader provided a clear understanding of what it means owing to the oratory skills that the former United States president possesses. In addition, the charismatic leadership style has many styles of communication according to the lectures that were undertaken. The lesson was so triggering in that people were challenged to come up with their plans to exhibit their charismatic nature. Finally there was more information on how transformational leadership happens. (Kowzlowski, 2008) The first challenge that was faced is to determine whether one is charismatic during the designing of the action plan. Charisma is not quantifiable and the parameters to use to determine this attribute are difficult to find. One parameter is the linguistic ability of the leader. While other people will appreciate and get endeared to a leader because of how they speak, some will not find anything to appreciate in them. For instance, it is difficult to appreciate a leader who is focused on only actions and not their characters as it is the case I transformational leadership. (Latham, 2013) The next lesson was based on the leaders that arise during certain situations. Such forms of leadership are called contingency or situational leadership. In the study, there were insights on the procedures in which people can pick their leaders depending on the different situations. The objectives which the people intend to meet are the determinants of the leader they choose in a certain situation. Besides, the interaction was vital in that the analysis of the contingency theory was made. Contingency refers to a circumstance that is unexpected. In most cases, the contingency is always an unfavorable circumstance. What the leader is appointed to do is to make it favorable. Besides the contingency theory, the lecture was informative on other theories such as the path-goal theories and went ahead to touch on the model on the situational leadership. The situation dictates the kind of leadership style that can be adopted by the leader. (Mailick, 2013) The difficulties in this lesson have been replicated from the above lessons. They are barely the same but the difference comes in slightly. The explanation of some terminologies such as contingency was quite a challenge. More so, comprehension of the theories was not an easy task. Given that the theories had increased, some information was being duplicated and causing confusion. As time moves on and more information is delivered, the mind gets saturated and may not accommodate some of the information. Some information is almost similar, thus causing distortion of the whole course. (McCauley, 2011) Another lesson was about the power and the political implications vested in various kinds of leadership. One of the revelations was the difference between management and leadership. More often than not, people confuse between these terminologies. However, there was a thorough explanation to distinguish the terms. In addition, students were urged to recognize the different types of power. Power is important in the distribution of resources and people who have power are the leaders. More so, the instructor challenged the students to embrace leadership. They reinforced the fact that a leader should not only be known just by the name but they should be people with the capacity to empower their subjects. This is possible if they can assign duties to junior members of the society so that power can be participatory. The element of ethics is very important for any leader. They are judged on moral grounds and their ability to behave in a good way was also part of the discussion. (Ohlott, 2014 ) Amongst the challenges and difficulties faced was the determination of the ethical standards. Morality also does not have quantifiable parameters on which a leader can be awarded or reprimanded. Also it was a challenge to make a decision whether leaders should be trusted with too much power. Some leaders misuse the power for self aggrandizement and instead they oppress the common people. Another challenge is the politicization of issues. Sometimes political power is used to polarize citizens hence it was a tall order to agree with the instructor whether such power was to be given. (Sosik, 2012) The eighth lesson was a deeper discussion of the differences between management and leadership. This is an indication that the two terms bring about an argument that should never be overlooked. In the discussion, there was also the need to explain the existing relationship between a leaders influence and the power that they have. This was done by the lecturer who covered the topic quite comprehensively. It was determined that any leader is not guaranteed to have influence over the subjects by virtue of being above them in terms of the status. However, the lesson of the day indicated that the leader must be smart by applying various tactics to achieve his influence. First of all, any leader must understand the nature of his subjects. Once this is done, they should apply the tactics in a systematic sequence that will yield the desired results. (Tsui, 2014) The difficulties witnessed in this study included the performance of the research to determine the influence tactics. Research is always so involving because the preliminary activities take up much time as well as the research itself. The aftermath of the research should also be processed. In this case, summarization of the research results posed a big challenge to us. The relationship between power and influence was one of the challenging aspects as well. The terms seem as though they can be used interchangeably. However, the lesson was quite precise hence there were no much challenges when compared to other discussions. (Wexsley, 2016) The ninth lesson was focused on how coaching is done, motivational tactics and finally team work. The discussion enlightened the students on the kind of skills of leadership in relation to the expectancy theory. The discussion also provided an opportunity to learn the details of the expectancy theory. Besides this theory, there was also the mention of the goal theory which was discussed in detail. It was realized that there is a direct relationship between the behavior of the leaders and their skills of leadership. The study was essential because it provided guidance in the manner in which the relationship can be described. The lesson also enabled the members to understand how leaders entice their subjects through the tactic of recognition. As aspiring leaders, the students were able to analyze their situations and look forward to making good leaders who could be endeared to their subjects. (Wood, 2009) The challenges that were faced were the theoretical interpretations which had posed challenges since the topic of leadership came up. These theories had many details that were difficult to demystify. It is always challenging to motivate people and the different methods that would be used were not quite comprehensive. For instance, many people would desire to be furnished with a certain amount of money before they get motivated. It is difficult to understand what people would demand apart from money. In a discussion of this kind, many assumptions are made which may compromise the actual facts that should be represented. (Zand, 2007) References Hogan, R. R. (2013). Educating the Modern Manager. Academy of Management Learning and Education Keys, J. B. (2014). Management Education and Development: Current issues and emerging trends: New York: Pantheon Books King, S. N. (2010). Feedback Intensive Programs. San Francisco: Wiley. Kozlowski, S. W. J. (2008). Training and Developing Adaptive Teams: American Psychological Association. Latham, G. P. (2013). Management Development. Hove, UK: Psychology Press/Erlbaum. Mailick, M. A. (2013). Learning theory in the practice of management development: Evolution and applications. Westport, CT: Quorum. McCauley, C. D. (2011). Management development through job experiences: An annotated bibliography. Greensboro, NC: Center for Creative Leadership. McCauley, C. D. (2010). Our Viewpoint of Leadership Development. San Francisco: Wiley. Ohlott, P. (2004). Job Assignments. San Francisco: Wiley. Sosik, J. J. (2012). Adaptive self-regulation: New York: Pantheon Books Tsui, A.S (2014). Adaptive Self-Regulation: A process view of managerial effectiveness. University of Oulu, Finland Wexley, K. N. (2016). Management Development. University of Oulu, Finland Wood, R. (2009). Social cognitive theory of organizational management. Academy of Management Review Zand, D. E. (2007). The leadership triad: Knowledge, trust, and power. New York: Oxford University. Zaccaro S. M. (2009). Leader development for transforming organizations. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. Zaccaro, S. M. (2014). Leader Visioning and Adaptability: New York:Oxford University Press

Versailles Effect On Germany Essays - Treaty Of Versailles

Versailles Effect On Germany The Treaty of Versailles: Prelude to WWII The Treaty of Versailles was not a justified treaty, which created German feelings of revenge and dislike towards the victorious countries. This feeling of revenge felt by Germany, in addition with the social atmosphere of Europe, led to a Second World War in the September of 1939, just 11 years after the first World War. People at the time published reports on the unfairness of the treaty. America never ratified the treaty but Britain and France still enforced it. Germany had no choice but to sign the unfair document and it was only a matter of time before things turned for the worse. We must examine the background, clauses, and effects of the Treaty of Versailles on Germany and Europe to understand how it helped cause WWII. Then, when you look at the situation the treaty created for Europe, we can see how WWII came about. The war had left Europe in shambles. WWI ended on November 11, 1918, leaving millions of European soldiers dead and injured. Large areas of Belgium and France had been devastated and two of Europes most powerful countries, Germany and Austria-Hungary, were defeated and exhausted. All the European countries were now bankrupt from the cost of waging a war for four years. Germany had not been defeated, but knew that if it continued to fight war against the strong American army, defeat in Berlin would result. Because Germany had surrendered, her only option was to either sign the treaty, or else go back to war again, which would inevitably result in defeat. The Treaty was unexpectedly harsh, though, despite the fact Germany hadnt been defeated, she had merely surrendered. Germany was forced to agree that it was guilty of starting the war. This clause was the most insulting and damaging clause for it blatantly and wrongly accused Germany of being the sole cause of war, and this enabled the other clauses to be severe as she was now to pay for the whole of WWI. The second clause was that Germany had to disarm. The effects of this clause were: the army was to be limited to 100,000 men; conscription and much prided submarines and aircraft (the allies thought that without an air force Germany couldnt ever go to war) were to be banned; the navy was limited to six battleships (no Dreadnoughts); and the Rhineland was to become a demilitarized- zone. This was emotional for the Germans since they had had such a strong army and were forced to sink their prided Dreadnoughts. This emotional loss created resentment towards the allies and was the first clause for Hitler to undo. The reparation clause was an unjust clause, for the amount was excessively much, as said by many people at the time. Germany had to pay severe reparations, imposed to help the damaged countries rebuild after the war, at the amount of $5 billion due May 1, 1921.9 The leading British economist, John Maynard Keynes, published a book, before the increase in reparations to $32.5 billion by 1963, warning that the treaties would prevent the European economy recovering from the war damage. Germany had hardly enough money to pay the original amount, and, inevitably, great inflation occurred, destroying the economy and causing unemployment and starvation. Furthermore, another clause of the treaty was that the territory of Germany had to be greatly reduced. Britain and France had been malicious and were shortsighted by demanding Germanys money while taking away the territory that could provide the money. In this clause Germany lost 13% of its territory, containing 7.3 million people, and all of her overseas colonies, ending her empire. Germany had lost her main coal producing territories of Upper Silesia and the Saarland. In 1913, 139 million tons of coal were used in Germany for railroads, utilities, fuel, and agriculture; the Saarland and Upper Silesia had accounted for 60.8 million tons of this. With more than half of Germanys coal taken away, they didnt have enough coal to power the populated industrial country. With industry destroyed there was no way they could pay the reparations. Germany had made proposals dealing with the territorial decisions and reparations; they were willing to give up Alsace-Lorraine